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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CERTIFICATION APPROACHES OF THE FAA AND EASA FOR VTOL AIRCRAFT: CASE STUDY OF BIRD STRIKE CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
Mauricio Antoniazzi, Daniel Corrêa de Carvalho Lery, Ivan Resende Leitão, Marcelo Soares Leão, Cristiane Aparecida Martins

Última alteração: 2023-10-06

Resumo


Despite regulatory hurdles, vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft are expected to enter commercial service in the upcoming years. Until now, both leading aeronautical authorities, the United States of America (USA) Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), have presented different approaches to treat the issue. The FAA has changed its initial understanding of the proper certification path, deciding to follow the certification path of Special Class aircraft. At the same time, EASA has preferred to publish an entire set of publications as Special Conditions and Means of Compliance applicable to the VTOL aircraft. These approaches differ in their form and content. This means that differences in requirements can lead to different design solutions to be adopted by applicants, with potential implications on the industry development. A brief survey is also performed on other aeronautical certification authorities' approaches to VTOL aircraft certification. In the present work, a discussion is conducted regarding those issues, and the application of these approaches is presented in the case of the bird strike requirements applicable to VTOL aircraft. Considering that the industry is still in its early stages, it is expected that further changes occur in the applicable regulations with the future goal of harmonizing the rules between the certification authorities.

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